Spray nozzle



H. W. SUMNER.

Jan. 2, 1923.

SPRAY NOZZLE.

FILED AUG- 9,1919.

Patented Jan. 2, 1223.

nears stares HENRY W. SUMNER, OF SEATTLE, WASHINGTON.

SYRAY 1*1' GZZLE.

Application filed, August 9, 1919. Serial No. 316,501.

To all whom it may co /teem."

Be it known that I, HENRY W. SUMNER, a citizen of the United States, residing at Seattle, in the county of King and State of Washington, have invented'a new and useful Improvement in Spray Nozzles, of which the following is a specification.

My invention relates to improvements 1n spray nozzles and the object of my improvement is to provide a spray nozzle of simple and durable construction that will. produce a finely divided and evenly distributedspray of liquid. v

A further object is to provide a spray nozzle of this nature that will not clog or foul easily, and that willope'rate efficiently when used for spraying heavy oi ls..

A still further object is to provide 'a spra-y nozzle wherein the discharge orifice is formed in a separable part that may be quickly and easily removed and replaced by other similar parts of-diiferent thickness and having discharge orifices of different sizes to thereby vary the volume of spray and the shape of the body or cone of spray that 1s delivered from the nozzle,'the said removable parts being the ones that are subjected to the greatest wear and being of relatively cheap construction so that they may be replaced at a slight cost when they become worn.

'The invention consists in the novel construction, adaptation and combination of parts of, a spray nozzle as will be more clearly hereinafter described and claimed.

In the accompanying drawings Figure 1 is a. fragmentary sectional view on a reduced scale of an englne wherein my spray nozzle is installed a portion of the nozzle being shown in elevation. Fig. 2 is an enlarged view in vertical mid section showing the tip or nozzleproper of the device; Fig. 3 is a detached plan view of the bottom side of an spray nozzle that isconnected with a fuel inlet pipe 8-and is adapted to spray fuel intothe combustion chamber 6. The spray nozzle may be disposed within an opening 10 in the top end of the engine cylinder and may be removably held in gas tight contact with a convergent seat 11 by a screw 12 that is screwed through a bracket 13 that is rigidly supported from the top of the cylinder.

The spray nozzle proper, which constitutes this invention, comprises a tip or housing 14 having a, :centrally arranged opemng 15 in its bottom end that is surrounded by a concentric, recessed portion 16 the outer edges of which merge into a curved or rounded periphery 17 that is adapted to rest like a valve on the seat 11.

Extending from the top end of the housing downwardly isQacylindrical recess 18, the lower portion of which is adapted for the reception of a cylindrical oil deflecting device 20 and the upper portion or which is internally screw threaded as at 21 ior the reception of the externally screw threaded end of a tubular shank 22.

The deflector device 20 is held in a fixed position by a-base flange 23 on a sleeve 24 that is disposed within the tubular shank 22. The lower end of the sleeve 24 is provided with a tubular chamber 25 of comparatively large diameter while the upper end of such sleeve is provided with a concentric passageway 26 that communicates with the chamber 25 and through which may pass a triangularly shaped valve stem 27 that is provided on its top end with a compression spring 28 and on its bottom end with a valve '30 that is normally held in contact with a seat 31 by the spring 28.

The deflector device 20 has a centrally arranged upwardly projecting shank 32 that serves as a stop for the valve 30 and the top side of such deflector device around the shank 32 is concentrically recessed as at '33 thus leaving an annular rim 3% around the peripheral portion thereof upon which the flange 23 of the sleeve 24 rests. The bottom side of the deflector 20 is provided with a relatively shallow circular recess '35 formin a centrifugal chamber that is connected by tangential passageways 36 with the lower ends of perforations 3'? that extend through the body of the deflector device.

relatively thin metal plate 38 that fits within the bottom of the recess 18 and has a The deflector 20 is arranged to rest on a isv centrally arranged perforation 39 through which a spray of fuel may be emitted In practice l have found that a very satis= factory spray nozzle is formed by providing the oil d efiector 30 with four equidistantly spaced perforations 37 that are connected with the recess 35 by four tangential passageways 36 but it is obvious that more or less of the perforations and tangenti'al passageways may be used-if desired.-

When liquid under pressure is injected 7 through thepipe 8it will be forced downward pastthevalve30 into the chamber 25 and .thence through the perforations 37 and tangential passageways 36 into the centrifugal chamber 35. The fuel being directed tangentially and at a high velocity into the centrifugal chamber 35 will be given a rapid whirling motion so that as it is emitted from the porforation 39 it will be thoroughly atomized and broken up and will assume the general shape of a solid cone of firmly divided spray.

The rate at which the fuel can be discharged, through the perforation 39 will vary with the consistency of the fuel anddirectly as the size of such perforation so that it is possible to vary the discharge capacity of the nozzle or to adapt it to the use of fuels of different consistency by inserting disks 38 having perforations 39 of diiierent sizes.

The lower grades of oil are not entirely free from fine particles of gritty material 'andconsequently will have a wearing effect on a nozzle from which they are sprayed so that the efficiency of the nozzle will be impaired by use and the nozzle will finally have to be replaced by a new one. In my nozzle the greatest wear occurs at the perforation 39 in the movable disk 38 so that when such perforation becomes enlarged or worn to an irregular shape the tip of the nozzle may be taken apart and the worn disk replaced with a new one.

The spray emitted from this nozzle will be very finely divided, will be in substantially the shaps of a cone and will be evenly distributed throughout the entire volume of the cone. .The shape of the cone of spray will. depend on the size of the dischargeorifice 39 and the thickness of the disk 38 so that the same nozzle may be madeto meet different requirements by changing the disk 38.

The disks 38 are relatively cheap and easy to constructand are quickly and easily inserted in the nozzles so that they constitute a Very advantageous feature of the invention.

The valve member'30 and the valve seat manhole placing the entire injection nozzle and at the same time permitting a quick replacement of the worn part so that the engine will only need to be stopped for a short period of time. This feature is especially advantageous on marine engines where great losses may result from stopping the engines for any considerable period of time.

lit is obvious that changes in the form of constructiton of the various parts of this spray nozzle may be made within the scope of the following claims:

What I claim is 1. A spray nozzle comprising a casing having an internally threaded bore that extends from its upper end downwardly and having a perforation in its bottom end that communicates with said bore, a full deflector arranged to fit within said. casing, a tubular shank arranged to screw into the threaded end of said bore, a removable sleeve arranged to fit within said'shank and having a bottom flange that rests unpon the upper portion of said fuel deflector and a fuel inlet valve carried by said sleeve.

2. A spray nozzle comprising a casing having an internally threaded bore that extends from its upper end downwardly and having a perforation in its bottom end that communicates with said bore, a fuel deflector arranged to fit within said casing and impart a whirling motion to the fuel that passes therethrough, an annular peripheral flange projecting upwardly from the top end of said fuel deflector, a tubular shank ararranged to screw into thethreaded upper end of said casing, a removable sleeve arranged to fit within said tubular shank, the bore of said sleeve being reduced at a point above the bottom end thereof to form a valve seat, a valve arranged to rest on said valve seat, a stem on said fuel deflector arranged to project upwardly into said sleeve and form a stop for said valve, and an outwardly directed annular flange on the bottom end 'of said sleeve and arranged to be interposed Signed at Seattle, Washington, July 31st,

HENRY W. SUMNER. 

